Trump agiye kuvana u Rwanda n'Afurika y'Epfo mu masezerano y'ubucuruzi n'Amerika

Perezida w'Amerika Donald Trump yamenyesheje inteko ishingamategeko y'icyo gihugu ko ashaka gukura u Rwanda n'Afurika y'Epfo muri gahunda yo ku byorohereza mu bucuruzi bikorana n'icyo gihugu, guhera ku itariki ya mbere Mutarama (1) mu mwaka wa 2027.

Ayo masezerano yitwa AGOA (African Growth and Opportunity Act) atuma ibihugu bibyemerewe byo muri Afurika byohereza muri Amerika ibicuruzwa bibarirwa mu bihumbi nta mahoro (misoro) bitanze.

U Rwanda ruri muri AGOA kuva mu mwaka wa 2000, ari na bwo iyo gahunda yatangiye.

Jamieson Greer, uhagarariye ubucuruzi Amerika ikorana n'amahanga, yasohoye itangazo ku wa mbere avuga ko isuzuma ngarukamwaka ryasanze ibyo bihugu byombi bikora ibikorwa bidahuye n'ibisabwa kugira ngo igihugu cyemererwe kuba muri iyo gahunda.

Yongeyeho ko ubutegetsi bwa Trump bwanamenyesheje ibyo bihugu bibiri icyo cyemezo.

Mu mwaka wa 2018, kuri manda ya mbere ya Trump, Amerika yari yakuye ibicuruzwa by'imyambaro by'u Rwanda muri gahunda ya AGOA, nyuma yuko ruzamuye cyane amahoro rwaka ku myenda n'inkweto byambawe biva mu mahanga bizwi cyane ku izina rya caguwa. Imwe muri iyo myenda n'inkweto biva muri Amerika.

Ubutegetsi bwa Trump bwavuze ko icyo cyemezo cyo gukura ibyo bihugu muri AGOA cyafashwe kubera inzitizi ku bucuruzi n'ishoramari ry'Amerika, hamwe n'impungenge ku nyungu zayo zo mu rwego rw'umutekano w'igihugu n'ububanyi n'amahanga muri ako karere.

Ku Rwanda, Washington yanagaragaje impungenge ku burenganzira bwa muntu, kuri politike y'amashyaka menshi, ku butegetsi bwubahiriza amategeko no ku burenganzira bw'abakozi.

Amerika ifashe iki cyemezo mu gihe hashize hafi icyumweru minisiteri y'imari y'Amerika ifatiye ibihano minisiteri y'ingabo z'u Rwanda na banki ya Zigama CSS, igenewe abasirikare n'abandi bakora mu nzego z'umutekano n'ubutasi, kubera uruhare bashinjwa rwo gufasha umutwe w'inyeshyamba wa M23 mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC).

U Rwanda ruhakana gufasha izo nyeshyamba, rukavuga ko rwashyizeho "ingamba z'ubwirinzi".

Minisiteri y'imari y'Amerika yavuze ko minisiteri y'ingabo z'u Rwanda yategetse abasirikare babarirwa mu bihumbi kurwana ku ruhande rw'inyeshyamba za M23 mu burasirazuba bwa DRC, igatanga intwaro, ibikoresho n'imyitozo.

Nta cyo leta y'u Rwanda yahise itangaza kuri iki cyemezo gishya cy'Amerika. BBC Gahuzamiryango yandikiye leta y'u Rwanda iyisaba kugira icyo ibivugaho.

Mu cyumweru gishize, ubwo yavugaga kuri ibyo bihano Amerika yafatiye u Rwanda, umuvugizi wa leta y'u Rwanda Yolande Makolo yasohoye itangazo avuga ko "U Rwanda rwiteguye gushyira mu bikorwa Amasezerano ya Washington, igihe cyose leta ya Kongo [DRC] izagaragaza ubushake bwo kubahiriza inshingano zayo, kandi umuhuza akita ku buryo impande zose zabazwa inshingano ku byo ziyemeje".

Amerika ivuga ko ibyo bihano bigamije gushimangira amasezerano ya Washington Perezida w'u Rwanda Paul Kagame na Perezida wa DRC Félix Tshisekedi basinye mu Kuboza (12) mu 2025, ku buhuza bw'Amerika. Ayo masezerano agamije kurangiza iyo ntambara no kwagura ubucuruzi n'ishoramari mu karere, ariko imirwano yarakomeje.

Mu byo asaba, harimo ko DRC irandura (cyangwa kubuza gukora – "neutralisation") umutwe w'inyeshyamba wa FDLR ufitanye isano n'abashinjwa kuba barakoze jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1994. U Rwanda ruvuga ko uwo mutwe uteje inkeke ku mutekano warwo ndetse ruvuga ko kuba uwo mutwe uba mu burasirazuba bwa DRC ari yo mpamvu rufata "ingamba z'ubwirinzi".

U Rwanda na rwo rusabwa gukura ingabo zarwo ku butaka bwa DRC no kureka gufasha umutwe wa M23, mu kwezi gushize wahindutse FRN, uyobowe n'uwahoze ari Perezida wa DRC Joseph Kabila, ukaba ushaka gukuraho ubutegetsi bwa DRC.

Kuri Afurika y'Epfo, Amerika yanavuze kuri ruswa.

Greer yagize ati: "Ubutegetsi bwa Trump burimo gukora mu gutuma abafatanyabikorwa bacu bo muri Afurika bafata ingamba za ngombwa zo kuzuza ibisabwa kugira ngo bemererwe [kuba muri AGOA]."

Minisitiri w'ubucuruzi n'inganda w'Afurika y'Epfo Parks Tau yavuze ko icyo cyemezo cy'Amerika "kibabaje", avuga ko Washington irimo kugaragaza ibibazo bishya bitari byaragaragajwe mu biganiro ku bucuruzi hagati y'ibihugu byombi byatangiye mu mwaka wa 2025.

Tau yagize ati: "Tuzakomeza kwihutisha kohereza ibicuruzwa by'Afurika y'Epfo mu masoko atandukanye mu rwego rwo kurinda imirimo."

Ambasaderi w'Amerika muri Afurika y'Epfo Leo Brent Bozell III yavuze ko bibabaje kuba gahunda z'Afurika y'Epfo zaratumye ikurwa muri AGOA.

Yanditse ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa X ati: "Ibi [bibaye] byari byitezwe kandi byashoboraga kwirindwa bivuye ku kuba leta y'Afurika y'Epfo yaranze impungenge za nyazo z'Amerika."

Amerika isohoye iryo tangazo mu gihe hari umubano urimo ibibazo hagati ya Washington n'ibyo bihugu byombi, uko kubikura muri AGOA guteganyijwe kukaba guteje inkeke ku mubano n'Amerika mu by'ubucuruzi bubyorohereza.

Mu mwaka ushize, Perezida Trump yashinje Afurika y'Epfo kuba irimo gukorera jenoside abazungu b'Abanyafurika y'Epfo, ubwo yari ari kumwe mu nama na Perezida w'Afurika y'Epfo Cyril Ramaphosa mu biro bya White House, ikirego Afurika y'Epfo ihakana. Amerika yanatangije gahunda yo guha ubuhunzi abazungu bo muri Afurika y'Epfo bo mu bwoko bw'Aba-Afrikaners.