Umuntu akora akazi kagoye cane kurusha ubundi kw'isi

'Réacteur' nomero ya 4 yo mu kigo c'inguvu za nikleyere ca Chernobyl muri Ukraine yarasambutse burundu, inyuma y'uguturika gukomeye kwabaye kuri ico kigo ku wa 26 Ndamukiza (4) 1986. Ariko mu kuzimu, ku burebure bwa metero 10, haracariho ivyumba bigenzurirwamwo ibikorwa vy'ico kigo. Muri make, ni ivyumba vyarokotse iyo mpanuka.

Anatolii Doroshenko, w'imyaka 38, ni umushakashatsi akorera ikigo ca reta ya Ukraine c'ubushakashatsi ku bijanye n'Umutekano w'inguvu za nikleyere(ISPNPP). Akorera muri ivyo vyumba biri mu kuzimu vyahumanijwe n'imyuka y'ubumara munsi y'iyo réacteur.

Akazi kiwe ni ukuja gusuzuma ingene ivyo bikoresho vy'ubuhinga bikora nibura rimwe mu kwezi. Nk'uko ikinyamakuru New Scientist kibivuga, ako kazi gashobora gufatwa nk'akazi ka mbere kabi kandi gateye ubwoba cane kuruta ubundi bwose kw'isi.

Muri uwo muhora ugizwe n'ivyumba vyo mu kuzimu, ibintu vyose vyarahumanijwe n'imyuka ya nikleyere: hasi, ibikoresho vyose bihari, impome hamwe n'umwuka.

Aho ni ho Doroshenko akorera. Ashinzwe kugenzura ibikoresho, kwegeranya amakuru ya nkenerwa, kugira ibipimo, kwegeranya ivyofatirwako mu gupima no gukurikirana uko ibicanwa (combustible) vyifashe muri iyo réacteur.

Mu vyumba bimwe bimwe, urugero rw'imyuka y'ubumara bwa nikleyere ruba ruri hejuru cane ku buryo bimusaba kuba yarangije ivyo akorerayo mu minota itarenze ine, agaca avayo.

Mu bindi vyumba na ho, urugero rw'imyuka ruba ruri hejuru cane ku buryo bitanemewe kuhegera.

Yamara, akazi kiwe ni ngirakamaro cane. Ni ko gafasha kumenya uko ibintu vyose vyifashe muri iyo réacteur.

Doroshenko aremera ko akazi kiwe gateye ubwoba, ariko avuga ko ubwo bwoba agira ari na bwo bumufasha kumenya ukwo avyifatamwo.

Yagize ati: "Ubwoba buragufasha gukurikiza amabwirizwa yose witonze kugira umenye neza ko utanduzwa n'imyuka ya nikleyere."

Musi y'ibibomoke

Inzira Doroshenko acamwo mu kwinjirayo, ni igice c'ahari ibikoresho vyakoreshwa mu gutunganya réacteurs z'ikigo ca nikleyere ca Chernobyl.

Ni ahantu hari umwijima. Mu myobo imwe imwe n'ubwo amatara atigera azima, biba ngombwa ko Doroshenko na bagenziwe bama bitwaza itoshi ibaboneshereza.

Zimwe mu nzira zirapfunganye cane ku buryo bategerezwa kuzicamwo bunamye canke bitunye.

Ivyumba vyose n'imihora yose birafise ibimenyetso bibiranga, ariko utegerezwa kuba uzi neza aho inzira zica kugira ntuzimire muri uwo muyoboro munini ugizwe n'inzira nyinshi zo mu kuzimu.

Hari kandi amakarata yerekana ibibanza bifise urugero rwo hejuru cane rw'imyuka y'ubumara bwa nikleyere.

Doroshenko asigura ati: "Abashakashatsi bose bakorera ngaha barazi neza aho bashobora gukorera n'aho batemerewe gukorera kubera ubukari bw'imyuka."

Aho hantu huzuye imiringoti irimwo amazi yahumanijwe n'imyuka ya nikleyere hamwe n'ubundi bumara bukaze cane bwitwa 'corium'.

Ahantu hadashobora gushikwa

Nk'uko Ikigo mpuzamakungu kijejwe inguvu za nikleyere (IAEA) kibivuga, muri iyo réacteur ya 4 haracari hafi amatoni 200 y'ibisigarira vy'ibicanwa (combustible) vya nikleyere vyasigaye inyuma y'isanganya ry'uguturika.

Gukuraho ivyo bicanwa canke ibindi bikoresho vyahumanijwe n'imyuka ya nikleyere bishobora kuzotwara imyaka 40.

Iyo réacteur yononekaye yarubakiwe. Ikingiwe n'ubwoko bw'inyubakwa nini yitwa 'Sarcophage', iyi na yo nyene ikaba izungurutswe n'iyindi nyubakwa iyikingira yitwa « Nouvelle Arche de Confinement ». Ino nyubakwa idasanzwe kandi nini, y'icuma, isumba uburebure igishusho co muri Amerika kizwi nka "Statue de la Liberté". Ico gishusho gifise uburebure bwababa imetero 100.

'Tchernobyl ntikwiye kwibagirwa'

Rimwe mu mwaka, Doroshenko ategerezwa kugirirwa isuzumwa ryagutse ry'amagara yiwe.

Mu gihe abatari bake batinya rwose ako kazi kiwe, we agira ati: "Nzobandanya manuka muri iyo réacteur y'ikigo ca nikleyere igihe cose nzoba nkiri n'ubushobozi bwo kubikora."

"Hamwe nobona urunganwe rushasha rufise ubushobozi bwo kunsubirira, noca nitegurira kuja mu karuhuko k'izabukuru. Ariko muri uwu mwanya, ntavyo ndiko ndiyumvira."

Ku bwiwe, ikintu gihambaye kuruta ibindi ni uko abantu bokwama bibuka ingorane zugarije Chernobyl: akaga gaterwa n'imyuka y'ubumara ituruka ku bisigarira vy'ivyahiye igihe haba uguturika, hamwe no kugenzura neza inyubakwa za kino kigo.

Agira ati: "Ni igikorwa kigoye".

"Chernobyl ntikwiye kwibagirwa."