Summary

  • A former California street gang leader is on trial in Las Vegas for the 1996 murder of rapper Tupac Shakur, who died a week after being hit in a drive-by shooting

  • The prosecution and defence have delivered their opening arguments in the trial of Duane "Keffe D" Davis, 63, who faces one count of murder with a deadly weapon

  • Prosecutors allege that although Davis did not himself fire the gun that shot and killed Shakur, he was the ringleader of the group responsible. Davis has pleaded not guilty

  • Fans have remembered Tupac as one of the most successful and influential rappers of all time as a 30-year mystery still surrounds the circumstances of his death

  • You can watch the proceedings live at the top of this page

  • You can also follow the case on the BBC podcast Fame Under Fire: The Tupac Murder Trial, which is available now on BBC Sounds, BBC iPlayer or wherever you get your podcasts

  1. Court breaks for lunchpublished at 20:07 BST

    The court has now adjourned for lunch.

  2. Witness draws map of their route through Vegas on the night of the shootingpublished at 20:06 BST

    Defence attorney Michael Sanft now gets to cross examine Stokes.

    He asks her to draw a map of her friends' route that night through the Las Vegas streets. She draws a sketch on a piece of note paper, which Sanft then enters into evidence and displays to the jury.

    Stokes tells him that when their car pulled up alongside Shug and Tupac's car, Tupac was "relaxed" and "sitting in the passenger seat.

    "There was no engagement," she tells the court.

  3. Witnesses came back to shooting locationpublished at 19:59 BST

    Ingrid Stokes says after she and her friends drove down a nearby street, and they then came back to the intersection where the shooting occurred.

    Although they were sceptical of talking to police, Stokes says, they decided to share that they were nearby the shooting, despite not having seen much of what happened.

    Police had them sit on the curb and asked them some questions, and she tells the court she was concerned about being seen talking to police.

  4. 'All hell broke loose,' witness tells courtpublished at 19:52 BST

    The prosecution calls its next witness, Ingrid Stokes, who was present at the time of the shooting.

    She had travelled to Las Vegas with friends that weekend in September 1996. They had planned to go to a Mike Tyson fight but missed it, she says.

    She and her friends got in their car and started to drive around Las Vegas, before they ran into Marion 'Suge' Knight and Tupac "in the car".

    Her friend knew Marion 'Suge' Knight, and Suge suggested the women follow them to a club, Stokes says.

    They started to drive through Vegas, but “there was a car behind us, trying to get in front of us,” Stokes says.

    At one point, they stopped at a light and pulled over, to switch drivers due to concerns about the other vehicle.

    “We were head down, taking our seat belts off, when we heard the gunshots. All hell broke loose,” Stokes says.

  5. 'Average' night on the Strip at time of shooting, says police officerpublished at 19:34 BST

    Defence attorney Michael Sanft has also questioned Garry Dale.

    Sanft asks Dale to describe the Las Vegas strip on the night of the shooting. Dale says it was an "average" night in terms of traffic, "nothing out of the ordinary".

    Sanft then asks the former police officer whether "a caravan of cars" - a description used in the prosecution's opening statement earlier - was behind Tupac's car when it was pulled over. Dale says there was not.

  6. Police officer recalls Tupac being treated by medicspublished at 19:28 BST

    Garry Dale then describes a scene about ten minutes later with the same vehicle.

    He says Marion Knight was "outside of the vehicle, walking around, talking" and Tupac Shakur was being "removed by EMS (emergency medical services) people".

    Dale says Knight was "adamant that we needed to go and take care of Mr Shakur," while the rapper was bleeding from a "chunk of shrapnel" in his head.

    Dale says he rode to the hospital in the ambulance with Shakur, during which time he was still talking but when he asked Shakur who had attacked him he replied "something like 'no, we'll take care of it'".

  7. Prosecution calls first witnesspublished at 19:21 BST

    The prosecution calls its first witness - Garry Dale, who was working for the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department in September 1996.

    He says he was assigned to work on the Strip at 23:00 that evening.

    Chief Deputy District Attorney Marc DiGiacomo asks Dale if he was involved in a "car stop" of a vehicle. Dale says he "initiated a car stop" on a black BMW "that had no licence plates".

    Dale is then shown a map and is asked to point out where the car stop happened.

    He says the occupants communicated their names after being asked. Dale adds he had "no knowledge" of them before that, and when asked if he recalls them, he identifies them as Tupac Shakur and Marion Knight.

    Dale says he asked them why the vehicle had no licence plate and the response was because they were filming a video.

    Dale then says he told them they would have to put "the plate back on their car", warned them and then released them.

  8. Diagrams shown to jury during opening remarkspublished at 19:07 BST

    Shaimaa Khalil
    Reporting from court in Las Vegas

    A diagram showing the topside of a white vehicle and the headshots of the four alleged occupants.Image source, Reuters
    Image caption,

    A diagram shown to the jury of the alleged occupants of the white Cadillac on the night Tupac was shot

    I’ve been inside the courthouse, watching the opening statements from an overflow room.

    Duane “Keffe D” Davis—the only man ever charged in connection with Tupac Shakur’s murder—sat with a neutral expression, occasionally watching the prosecutor outline events from 7 September 1996.

    Jurors were shown diagrams of alleged gang links, CCTV footage of the MGM Grand fight — in which Tupac and his entourage attacked Davis’s nephew— and a sketch of the white Cadillac and its four occupants.

    That diagram placed Davis in the front passenger seat, with his nephew Orlando Anderson behind him.

    Prosecutors say Davis obtained a gun before the four men spotted Tupac’s car, made a U-turn and pulled alongside it. They allege Davis passed the weapon to the back seat.

    “You will hear from Keffe D himself,” the prosecutor told jurors.

    Much of the case rests on Davis’s own accounts in interviews and his memoir

    A still of Duane Davis with the words 'in 2017 Duane Davis goes public'.Image source, Reuters
    Image caption,

    A still from a recorded interview of Davis shown to the jury

  9. Opening statements finishpublished at 18:59 BST

    The prosecution and defence have finished giving their opening statements.

    The court is now taking a 15-minute break. Stick with us - we'll let you know when they return.

  10. Prosecution witnesses 'unreliable' - defencepublished at 18:58 BST

    A man with long hair and a suit gesturing in court.Image source, Reuters

    Sanft says state witnesses will be "unreliable people with criminal records, financial motivations and inconsistent statements".

    Among them is a security officer for Death Row Records, Reggie Wright Jr, and a "disgraced" LAPD detective, Sanft says.

    On Wright Jr, one of the things Sanft says is that he had ordered his team not to be armed on the night of the shooting.

    "He wasn't even around when the shooting occurred," Sanft says.

    "So the principal, the person he should have been protecting the most - would have been Suge Knight, the head of Death Row Records, this man [Wright Jr] was nowhere to be found."

  11. Davis lawyer says one detective's work 'biased, sloppy, incomplete'published at 18:54 BST

    Sanft says that in 2017 a group called the Center of Investigative Reporting filed a Freedom of Information Act request to gain access to the murder files held by the Las Vegas police department.

    After the police department refused to release the files, the Senate then filed a lawsuit forcing them to release the files, Sanft says.

    That's when Detective Clifford Mogg comes in, saying he's just there to close out the case, not to solve the mystery of who killed Tupac, Sanft says.

    Detective Mogg in 2018 then receives a copy of the "Death Row Chronicles" in 2018, which is not a deposition and not a testimony under oath, Sanft says.

    "You know what happens when he receives that copy of the interviews that the state has basically shown you in this case? No charges filed," Sanft says.

    Sanft says Mogg did not properly file reports and accuses his work of being "biased, sloppy and incomplete".

  12. LAPD gave detective 'fake' gun to test - defencepublished at 18:49 BST

    Sanft says misconduct and incompetence existed in the various police departments who had a role in the murder investigation.

    He alleges another investigator, Detective Long, faced significant obstacles when he took over the investigation, which Sanft says he will testify to later in the trial.

    Sanft says there were issues with the testing of the alleged murder weapon, and alleges the Los Angeles Police Department gave Long a "fake" gun to test.

    Leads also began to wither and people's memories grew foggy as the case dragged on, Sanft says.

  13. Issues with police investigation, defence attorney sayspublished at 18:39 BST

    Sanft points out what he says are issues with the investigative practices that oversaw the case.

    Sanft tells the jury that many reports by one detective, Brent Becker, are now missing, "they’re gone".

    He said it is the responsibility of police to pass these records along to new detectives.

    Sanft also alleges that Becker did not trust Compton’s police department due to a lieutenant’s purported ties to gang-affiliated individuals.

  14. Davis lawyer asks jury to weigh up if prosecution story 'fact or fiction'published at 18:35 BST

    A man with long hair and a dark suit standing in a court room.Image source, Reuters
    Image caption,

    Michael Sanft begins his opening argument before the jury

    Palal has wrapped up his statement and the Davis's lawyer is now beginning his.

    Defence attorney Michael Sanft is asking the jury to consider whether Palal has presented "fact or fiction" to them.

    Sanft says the prosecutor has presented fictional details as fact.

  15. Davis published book showing his involvement, prosecutor sayspublished at 18:28 BST

    Duane Davis in court.Image source, Reuters

    Palal says in 2019 Davis published his own book, Compton Street Legend.

    The prosecutor says the book shows Davis was "mad" about the beating of his nephew Orlando Anderson, that he was in Las Vegas the night of the fight, he got the gun, he was in the white Cadillac and he handed the gun to someone.

    "A constant thing that always goes through these statements is Duane Davis' visceral anger at Tupac Shakur for putting hands on his nephew," Palal says.

    He also reads a quote from Davis' book: "Them jumping on my nephew gave us the ultimate green light to do something to their ass."

  16. Davis 'admits to his role in the murder' to taskforce investigating separate death - prosecutorpublished at 18:25 BST

    Palal says there are no prosecutions following the shooting because in the world of guns and gangs "silence means survival".

    But he says the "one person" who had a hard time staying silent was the defendant.

    He then sets out that between 1998 and 2003, David gave a "number" of statements on the case.

    Palal says in 1998, Davis spoke to the FBI and admitted being in LA at the time of the murder but denied being involved.

    Palal then says it was in a secret interview with a federal taskforce that he "admits to his role in the murder".

    The taskforce, he says, had been set up to investigate the murder of another rapper - Christopher Wallace aka the Notorious B.I.G - who was killed six months after Tupac's murder, after leaving a party in LA.

    Palal says Davis said at the time he had no information on Wallace but they he can "tell you about Tupac".

    "He tells a federal taskforce about his involvement which you've heard is orchestration of the murder of Tupac Shakur," Palal says.

    This was secretly recorded and released later, the court hears.

    In 2017, Davis then "decides to go public", Palal continues, as the court is shown a recording of a public interview.

    Palal says he admits to being in the Cadillac and being part of the murder.

  17. Davis passed gun to shooter, prosecutor sayspublished at 18:11 BST

    Palal says Davis got in the white Cadillac, which at that point was carrying three other men, including his nephew, Anderson.

    They decided to “get some booze and go back to the Vegas strip and party”.

    However, on their journey they saw a caravan of cars - and spotted that Tupac and Suge Knight were in one of the vehicles, Palal says.

    Davis, and the others in the Cadillac, decided to make a U-turn to confront Tupac Shakur and Suge Knight, Palal says.

    The prosecutor alleges Davis, who was in the passenger seat, passed a gun to Anderson.

    Anderson then shot into Tupac's car, Palal says.

  18. Davis believed attack on nephew couldn't go 'unanswered' - prosecutorpublished at 18:02 BST

    Palal says Davis believed the attack on his nephew, Orlando "Baby Lane" Anderson, could not "go unanswered".

    Palal alleges Davis acquired a gun and organised for two vehicles to travel to Las Vegas club 662, one of them a white cadilac.

    But Tupac Shakur and another man, Death Row Records executive Suge Knight, did not turn up while they are at the club, Palal says.

  19. Defendant's nephew attacked in LA after Mike Tyson fight, prosecution says during openingpublished at 17:50 BST

    Prosecuting, Binu Palal begins by relaying the prosecution's version of events on September 7 1996.

    He says Tupac had come to LA to attend a Mike Tyson fight, after which he and others ran into Orlando Anderson, the defendant's nephew.

    He says that encounter resulted in an attack which was captured on video.

    Davis can be seen in the courtroom watching as proceedings get under way.

    Prosecutor Binu Palal delivering his remarks inside the Las Vegas courtroom.Image source, Reuters
    Image caption,

    Prosecutor Binu Palal delivering his remarks inside the Las Vegas courtroom

  20. Prosecution begins opening argumentpublished at 17:44 BST

    The prosecution in the trial of Duane Davis has begun outlining its case.

    We'll bring you the key lines shortly.