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许多研究表明，体育运动确实能有效提升大脑功能。所以，对于那些正在紧张 “备战” 的考生来说，将适量的体育锻炼融入到备考计划中也颇为重要。运动不仅能增强大脑的记忆力、专注力和逻辑推理能分，还能帮助考生缓解压力、改善睡眠质量。本文简要介绍运动能从哪些维度帮助学生提高考试成绩。

词汇：study and exercise 学习和运动

1 Has exam season got you hitting the books instead of the gym? Study is important, but if you're not keeping up with your exercise, you might be missing out. It turns out that regular physical exercise can boost your memory, focus and reasoning skills. One study even found that Scottish teenagers who got 60 minutes of exercise a day scored a whole grade higher on national exams.

2 Physical exercise has been linked to a number of positive changes inside our brains. Regular aerobic exercise appears to be linked with an enlarged hippocampus. That's the area of the brain linked to learning and memory. Other studies have suggested that exercise four hours after learning allows new information to be better integrated into our memories. Looking inside our brains, it seems that exercise triggers tiny bursts of electrical energy, known as 'brain ripples' which are thought to be connected to the process of storing and organising memories. Exercise could also lead to improved executive function. This is the part of our brain that's responsible for things including working memory and self-control. A recent study showed that students who carried out 10 minutes of moderate exercise showed improved cognitive performance afterwards.

3 As well as the direct physical benefits of exercise on our brains, there are other associated advantages. Exercise leads to the release of endorphins. These chemicals help to alleviate the effects of stress and can improve our mood. Exam preparation can be both a cause of stress and something that's adversely affected by it. Exercise reduces your stress so that you can focus on your revision. Good sleep habits are also important for brain health and function. And this is another area where exercise helps out. Regular exercise has been shown to lead to better sleep and fewer episodes of insomnia. A study from the University of Texas also linked it to longer instances of deep sleep. When you're asleep, your body processes memories, so it's another way that exercise can take you to higher grades.

4 Exercise benefits both our mental and physical health and has clear benefits for academic performance. So, while it's important to spend time studying, don't forget to keep some time back for physical activity.

测验与练习

一、将标题和段落配对。

Paragraph 1 _______
Paragraph 2 _______
Paragraph 3 _______
Paragraph 4 _______

a. Lifestyle factors
b. The importance of making time
c. Strong muscles, stronger brain
d. Changes in your brain
e. A pathway to exam success

二、根据文章内容选出正确的选项。

1. An hour of exercise a day was linked to improved test scores of school pupils in Scotland.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

2. What may get larger as a result of regular physical activity?
a. executive function
b. the hippocampus
c. brain ripples

3. Which effect of endorphins is mentioned?
a. better mood
b. improved executive function
c. deeper sleep

4. What does 'it' refer to in the following sentence? Exam preparation can be both a cause of stress and something that is adversely affected by it.
a. exam preparation
b. stress
c. a cause

5. Deep sleep is the most important sleep stage for higher exam grades.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

三、用下列单词完成对本文的总结。

While it's important to 1) _______, exercise is also an important part of exam success. It's been shown to improve performance in areas of the brain, like the 2) _______. Studies have show that even short periods of exercise can lead to improved 4) _______ performance. Exercise can also lead to the release of 3) _______, helping people feel less stressed. It can also reduce 5) _______ meaning that people get better sleep.

self-control
hippocampus
insomia
endorphins
hit the books
cognitive
ripple

（答案见词汇表后）

词汇表

hit the books 用功学习
focus 专注力
reasoning 逻辑推理能力
aerobic 有氧的
hippocampus 海马体
integrate 整合，融入
ripple 涟漪，波动
executive function 执行功能
working memory 工作记忆（一种短期记忆）
self-control 自控力
cognitive 认知的
endorphin 内啡肽
alleviate 减轻，缓和
adversely 不利地，有害地
sleep habit 睡眠习惯
insomnia 失眠

答案

一、将标题和段落配对。

Paragraph 1 e) A pathway to exam success
Paragraph 2 d) Changes in your brain
Paragraph 3 a) Lifestyle factors
Paragraph 4 b) The importance of making time

二、根据文章内容选出正确的选项。

1. a. True.One study even found that Scottish teenagers who got 60 minutes of exercise a day scored a whole grade higher on national exams.

2. b.Regular aerobic exercise appears to be linked with an enlarged hippocampus. That's the area of the brain linked to learning and memory.

3. a.Exercise leads to the release of endorphins. These chemicals help to alleviate the effects of stress and can improve our mood.

4. b. 'It' in that sentence is referring to 'stress'. The use of the word 'both' implies that we need something else to be about 'stress'.

5. c. Not given. The article mentions that exercise can lead to longer periods of deep sleep, but it does not say that this specific type of sleep leads to higher exam grades.

三、用下列单词完成对本文的总结。

While it's important to hit the books exercise is also an important part of exam success. It's been shown to improve performance in areas of the brain, like the hippocampus. Studies have show that even short periods of exercise can lead to improved cognitive performance. Exercise can also lead to the release of endorphins, helping people feel less stressed. It can also reduce insomnia meaning that people get better sleep.