Uganda: Uko BBC yamenye uburiganya bukoresha imbwa mu kwaka amafaranga abakunzi b'inyamaswa

Imbwa ifite ubwoya bw'ibara ry'umugese iryamye ku ruhande rw'umuhanda. Irasa n'ituje, ariko uko videwo ya TikTok ikomeza kugaragaza ku mubiri wayo, amaguru yayo y'inyuma arushaho kugaragara.

Imbwa ntiruhutse. Irimo guhumeka vuba vuba, ishobora kuba yari iri kubabara.

Ibyanditswe muri videwo y'amasegonda 15 bibwira abayireba ko iyi mbwa "yagize impanuka" kandi ikaba ikeneye ubutabazi bwo "kurokora ubuzima bwayo" ko abagira umutima wo gufasha batanga impano binyuze ku rubuga rwa internet.

Mu byumweru bitatu nyuma y'uko videwo isohotse bwa mbere ku ya 8 Mutarama(1) umwaka ushize, iyi mbwa yagaragaye mu bindi bikorwa byinshi byo gukusanya inkunga, binyuze muri konti zigera kuri cumi n'ebyiri.

Umwe mu bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga wo mu Bwongereza yise iyi mbwa Russet, igaragaza ibara ry'ubwoya bwayo.

Ibihumbi by'Amadorari yakusanyijwe kugira ngo iyo mbwa ivurwe. Ariko ntiyigeze ikira.

BBC yamenye ko iyi mbwa muri Uganda yakoreshejwe mu bikorwa by'uburiganya mu gusaba impano ku nyamaswa bivugwa ko ziri mu kaga nk'ingamba zihishe zigirira akamaro abagenerwabikorwa b'ubwo bugome.

Ntibishoboka kwemeza neza icyateye Russet gukomereka, ariko abanditsi bashoboye gushyira hamwe bimwe mu bice by'inkuru, bigaragaza ko yahuye n'imibabaro igihe kirekire, hatitawe ku nkomoko yayo.

Iyi nkuru ihuza umujyi wo muri Uganda n'abakunzi b'inyamaswa bari hafi mu birometero igihumbi uvuye aho iri.

Aba bantu bashishikazwa no gutanga amafaranga yabo binyuze mu mashusho atangaje, ibinyoma, n'uburiganya bishingiye ku buryo Abanyaburayi babona Afurika nk'ahari ubukene bukabije no kutita ku mibereho myiza y'inyamaswa.

Amashusho yayo yafatiwe mu mujyi wa Mityana, umujyi w'ubucuruzi giherereye nko mu birometero 70 uvuye ku murwa mukuru wa Uganda, Kampala.

Uyu mujyi wamenyekanye cyane mu baharanira uburenganzira bw'inyamaswa kuri internet hirya no hino ku isi kubera ikinyoma kivuga ku icumbi ryizewe ry'imbwa.

Abatekamutwe bo muri Uganda bavumbuye uburyo imbwa zikunzwe cyane mu Burayi, Amerika ya Ruguru na Ostralia, kandi ko byoroshye gukoresha imbwa mu gukusanya amafaranga binyuze ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.

Bart Kakooza, perezida w'ishyirahamwe rishinzwe kurengera no kwita ku nyamaswa muri Uganda, aganira na BBC yagize ati: "Hari abasore bo mu cyaro [muri Uganda] bahora bashaka icyo bakora kuri internet."

"Ku rundi ruhande, mu bihugu by'iburengerazuba, abantu bita cyane ku nyamaswa. Aba bakiri bato bamenye ko bashobora kubona amafaranga baramutse babonye imbwa."

Ntibishoboka kuvuga umubare w'amakonti y'imbuga nkoranyambaga akorera muri Mityana.

Ariko hamwe, huzuyemo amashusho kuri Instagram, TikTok, Facebook na YouTube y'inyamaswa zisa n'izimeze nabi, cyane cyane imbwa n'injangwe, ariko ndetse n'inkwavu, hamwe n'ubutumwa busaba inkunga yo kuzitunga, kuzigaburira no kuzivura.

Muri rusange amashusho agaragaza umuntu yerekana imbwa nyinshi mu kigo cy'icumbi cy'agateganyo, aherekejwe n'ubutumwa nka "imbwa zacu zirashonje" cyangwa "ni undi munsi nta biryo biri muri icyo kigo" ati: "nyamuneka mudufashe".

Izi videwo akenshi zikoresha ibyo abakora ibikubiye muri iyi videwo bizera ko bizashimisha abareba bitewe n'uko basanzwe batekereza kuri Afurika, bakayigaragaza nk'ahantu hake mu biribwa, aho abakunzi b'imbwa bagomba kwihanganira ibihe bigoye kugira ngo barinde inyamaswa ihohoterwa no kutitabwaho mu mibereho yabo.

Isesengura ry'amakuru ryakozwe na BBC Africa Eye rigaragaza ko aya mashusho yakozwe neza mu guhindura abayareba kuba abaterankunga.

Mu myaka itanu ishize, ubushakashatsi bwacu bwagaragaje ko hakusanyijwe amafaranga arenga $730.000 (£540.000) yo kugurira amacumbi y'inyamaswa muri Uganda binyuze mu bukangurambaga amagana bwo gukusanya inkunga bwashyizwe ku rubuga rwa GoFundMe rwo gutanga inkunga.

Hafi 40 ku ijana by'ibikorwa byose byasesenguwe na BBC byari bifitanye isano na Mityana.

Muri uwo mujyi, ubucuruzi bw'uburiganya bwo gucumbikira imbwa ni ibanga rigaragara. Abaturage benshi babwiye BBC ko byoroshye kubona abashukanyi.

Umwe muri bo agira ati: "Iyo ubonye umuntu utwaye imodoka ya Subaru [imodoka y'icyubahiro muri aka gace], uhita ubona ko ari umujura."

Undi aravuga ati: "Abariganya barubahwa cyane hano i Mityana."

Muri icyo kigo cy'imbwa, abanyamakuru basanze imbwa zigera kuri 15 zifungiye mu gikari kimwe, ziryamye mu mwanda wazo. Inyinshi zinanutse cyane kandi zinaniwe.

Lubajja yabwiye abanyamakuru ko aho hantu hagenewe gushaka amafaranga mu buryo bw'uburiganya ku bareba imbuga nkoranyambaga baba mu mahanga. Atanga inama ku buryo bwo kubona amafaranga, kandi asangiza amwe mu mayeri arimo:

Kwitwaza ko nyir'ubutaka yabateye ubwoba bwo kubirukana, bityo hakenewe amafaranga kugira ngo bimuke.

Kwandika uburyo bwo kuvura amatungo bw'ibinyoma, urugero nko gushyira urushinge ku bwoya bw'imbwa aho kuyitera urushinge nyarwo.

Kuzamura igiciro cy'ibiryo by'imbwa inshuro zirenga 11.

Lubajja ubwo yafatwaga amajwi mu ibanga agira ati: "Umaze kubona amafaranga ya GoFundMe, uyakoresha mu kugura imodoka cyangwa kubaka inzu."

"Umaze kubona umuterankunga w'umuzungu, ntukamufate nk'umuvandimwe. Ugomba kumukoresha amata [gufata amafaranga ye]. Kumurangiriza burundu."

Ariko, ubwo ibikorwa by'uburiganya nki bya Lubajja byakwirakwiraga kuri interineti, umubare munini w'abaterankunga bamenye ko bashutswe. Ingamba zitandukanye zatangiye gufatwa kugira ngo aba batekamutwe bahagarike ibikorwa byabo.

Uburyo abarwanashyaka bakoresha burimo kuzamura ubukangurambaga ku baterankunga bashobora gutanga inkunga, ndetse no gushyira ahagaragara no gutangaza konti zifatwa nk'izikomeye.

Abaharanira uburenganzira bwo gukoresha interineti bavuga kandi ko hari byinshi bitari uburangare gusa muri iki kigo cy'inyamaswa cya Mityana, harimo no guhihitera inyamaswa nkana.

Bumwe mu bukangurambaga bwakozwe ku rubuga rwayo rwa "We Won't Be Scammed", ifite konti ya Instagram ifite abamukurikira bagera ku 20.000.

Charles Lubajja ashobora kuba atari azi ko konti yakoreshwa n'umugore w'imyaka 49 ukomoka i Yorkshire, mu majyaruguru y'Ubwongereza. Uwo mugore ni Nicola Baird, washinze ikigo We Won't Be Scammed, ubu cyiyemeje kurwanya ubu bujura.

Baird avuga ko yanga cyane aburiganya, avuga ko ari bo bagaragaza ububi. Kimwe n'abandi barwanashyaka benshi, na we yigeze kuba uwahohotewe, ubwo yohererezaga amafaranga umugabo wo muri Mityana wavuze ko imbwa ye ikeneye kubagwa nyuma y'impanuka yo mu muhanda.

Ariko, nyuma yo kubona amafoto na videwo by'icyo bavugaga ko ari cyo gisubizo, yatangiye gushidikanya.

Abaganga b'amatungo yaganiriye nabo bemeje ko ayo mashusho agaragaza ubugome kurenza kuba ubuvuzi.

Ibyo byatumye abona ko yagize uruhare mu kubabara kw'iyo nyamaswa atabizi, bituma afata ingamba zo kurwanya uburiganya n'ubugome.

Ibyo byatumye Nicola Baird yemera ko ibikomere by'inyamaswa byagaragaye mu mashusho yo ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, harimo gushya, gucibwa amaguru ndetse no gutakaza amaguru, bishobora kuba byaratewe nkana.

Iki gitekerezo gihuriweho kandi n'andi matsinda y'abaharanira inyungu kuri interineti akurikirana konti zifitanye isano na Mityana.

Lubajja yemeza ko hari igihe abatekamutwe bakomeretsa imbwa nkana.

Agira ati: "Bamaze kubura ibyo baryaga, bamwe batangiye gutema imbwa basaba amafaranga."

Ariko yongeraho ko ukwiyongera kw'ishoramari kwagize ingaruka mbi ubwo bamwe mu baterankunga batangiraga kubona ko hari ihohoterwa ryakozwe maze bakaburira abandi.

"[Abatekamutwe] ntibakica imbwa [kuko] zatakaje amafaranga ubwo abazungu babimenyaga."

Baird yemera ko amayeri y'abatekamutwe yahindutse bitewe n'igenzura ryinshi, ariko yemeza ko imbwa zikomeje gukomeretswa nkana kandi zikiri mu kaga.

Agira ati: "Ubwo bubabare bwose ni ubwo gutanga impano nke gusa. Nta nyamaswa ikwiye kubaho ityo."

Ntituzaribwa kandi abandi barwanashyaka bo kuri interineti batekereza ko Russet, imbwa yafashwe amashusho ku nkengero z'umuhanda ikanagaragara mu mashusho menshi yo gukusanya inkunga, yavunitse amaguru nkana.

Mu gihe cyo gufata amashusho mu ibanga, Lubajja yeretswe videwo ya Russet maze avuga ko ari imwe mu mbwa ze. Ubwo abanyamakuru bamusabye ibisobanuro birambuye, yavuze ko imbwa yari yagize impanuka y'imodoka hanze y'aho bacumbitse.

Ariko ibyo bishobora kuba atari ko byari bimeze.

Nyuma yo kugaragara ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bwa mbere, ifoto ya Russet yashyizwe ku mbuga zitandukanye, bisa nkaho yahererekanyijwe kuva ku itsinda rimwe ry'abatekamutwe ajya ku rindi.

Nyuma y'ibyumweru bigera kuri bitatu, umukoresha w'imbuga nkoranyambaga w'Umwongereza akaba n'umuterankunga, utifuzaga ko amazina ye amenyekana, yashoboye kuganira na Russet ku irekurwa ry'aba bashukanyi, ajyanwa kwa muganga w'amatungo i Kampala.

Dr Isa Lutebemberwa yagiye i Mityana gufata imbwa maze ayijyana mu ivuriro rye kugira ngo avurwe, ryatewe inkunga n'umuterankunga w'Ubwongereza.

Mu bitekerezo bya Lutebemberwa, amahirwe y'uko ibikomere bya Russet byatewe n'impanuka yari make. Asobanura ko igipimo cya X-ray y'umubiri wo hasi wa Russet, agira ati: "Iyo urebye aya magufwa, yose yari yavunitse hafi aho."

Lutebembwa yabaze Russet. Yarokotse kubagwa ariko nyuma y'iminsi mike apfa.

Lutebemberwa yabwiye BBC ati: "Iyo warebaga mu maso he, wabonaga ko yahuye n'imibabaro myinshi. Ukurikije ibyo yanyuzemo byose, ntabwo yari akwiriye gupfa."

"Russet yanyeretse ububabare imbwa ishobora kunyuramo."

BBC yavuganye na Lubajja, wari wabwiye abanyamakuru ko ari we nyiri Russet, kugira ngo agire icyo avuga ku byavuye mu iperereza.

Ubwo yohererezwaga amafoto ya Russet arimo ibirego, yavuze ko atazi iyo mbwa kandi ko yahakanye ko yakomerekeje inyamaswa. Yemeye ko abakora ibihangano bishyura amafaranga abafata amafoto kigo cye cy'icumbi.

Lutebemberwa n'abandi baharanira imibereho myiza y'inyamaswa muri Uganda nka Kakooza bashinja abaterankunga mpuzamahanga ku bubabare bw'imbwa mu bigo bya Mityana, bavuga ko akenshi zitangwa byihusenta bugenzuzi buhagije.

Kakooza agira ati: "Abantu batanga amafaranga ni bo bateza ikibazo cy'urugomo rukorerwa inyamaswa hano, kuko bakomeza kubyongera, barimo bakongerera umuriro."

Baird yemera ko impano zishobora kuba zaragize ingaruka mbi mu buryo butunguranye: "Ndatekereza ko ubutumwa tugomba gukura ku ihohoterwa rya Russet ari uko impano zakomeje ububabare bwe. Iyo abantu badatanga impano, Russet ntiyari kubabara igihe cyose nk'uko yababaye."

Benshi mu baharanira inyamaswa, muri Uganda no hanze yayo, batekereza ko ubukangurambaga bwinshi hagati y'abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga n'abashobora gutanga inkunga bwagabanya urujya n'uruza rw'impano zijya mu bigo bya Mityana. Ibi byagabanya amafaranga y'abatekamutwe n'ubwinshi bw'abacuruzi mu rubyiruko, kandi bigatuma imbwa nshya nke zifatwa muri ubwo butekamutwe.

Ariko, bake ni bo bashobora kugaragaza igisubizo gifatika ku mbwa ziri mu bigo by'imbwa.

Polisi ya Mityana yabwiye BBC ko igikorwa cyo kurokora imbwa 24 zakomeretse bikomeye zari zifungiye mu buzima bubi mu kigo cy'abiyita ko ziri mu mujyi, maze zijyanwa kuvurirwa i Kampala.

Abakekwaho icyaha cyo guhohotera inyamaswa batatu bashinjwaga ubugome mbere yo kurekurwa. Dosiye yabo yaje gufungwa, maze bahabwa umuburo.

Ubu, ihuriro mpuzamahanga ry'abarwanashyaka, barimo na Kakooza, ririmo kugerageza gukoresha ubushinjacyaha bwite kugira ngo burangize ikibazo. Umwe muri bo yamaze gutegurwa.